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Lord of Biggar; Sheriff of Peebleshire
Patrick Fleming of Biggar was the younger son of Robert Fleming and his wife, Marjory of Biggar. He was never leader of the Fleming clan, but his father was its founder, his older brother Malcolm was its second chief, his grand-nephew Thomas was its third and his son Malcolm was its fourth.
As second son, Patrick received as his patrimony the lands of Biggar that had come into the family in right of his mother. He married Joan Fraser, an heiress to Sir Simon Fraser of Oliver Castle in Peebleshire.
Unlike Patrick's father Robert and uncle Hugh of Biggar (who were two of the strongest supporters of the Bruce faction in the First War of Scottish Independence), Simon Fraser's support for Bruce waxed and waned. He reverted to the Bruce camp in 1301 and led the Scottish victory at the Battle of Roslin two years later. He then switched back to the English side and took part in the hunt for William Wallace before again defecting to the Bruce camp in 1306. He was captured at an engagement at Kirkencliff near Stirling at a time when King Edward I had ordered that all prisoners be executed. He was sent to London and hanged, drawn and quartered in September 1306.
With his death, his daughter Joan inherited the estate at Olivercastle, thus bringing it into the Fleming family's portfolio. Patrick Fleming was consequently appointed Sheriff of Peebleshire.
The Biggar arms had been extinguished with the death of Hugh of Biggar, so Patrick Fleming took new arms as Lord of Biggar. His arms were quartered 1 and 4 for Fleming (gules a chevron within a double tressure flory counterflory argent) and 2 and 3 for Fraser (azure three fraises argent) - see image.
His son Malcolm Fleming inherited Biggar and Olivercastle on Patrick's death along with his quartered arms. When he later became 4th clan chief on the death of his cousin Thomas Fleming, those arms became the clan chief's arms and remained unchanged through many subsequent generations. They were eventually the arms of the Lords Fleming and the Earls of Wigton.
(c) James Michael Fleming 2023
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